2002 Text 1

文章¶

第一段¶

If you intend using humor in your talk to make people smile, you must know how to identify shared experiences and problems. Your humor must be relevant to the audience and should help to show them that you are one of them or that you understand their situation and are in sympathy with their point of view. Depending on whom you are addressing, the problems will be different. If you are talking to a group of managers, you may refer to the disorganized methods of their secretaries; alternatively if you are addressing secretaries, you may want to comment on their disorganized bosses.

shared → 共有的，共享的
sympathy → 同情；赞同
in sympathy with sb./sth → 同情，赞同或支持某人/某事
one's point of view → 某人的观点
addressing → 对 ... 讲话；解决
refer to → 谈到，提及；指的是，适用于
disorganized → adj. 杂乱无章的，无计划的；（人）无条理的
secretaries → n. 秘书
alternatively → 或者

第二段¶

Here is an example, which I heard at a nurses’ convention, of a story which works well because the audience all shared the same view of doctors. A man arrives in heaven and is being shown around by St. Peter. He sees wonderful accommodations, beautiful gardens, sunny weather, and so on. Everyone is very peaceful, polite and friendly until, waiting in a line for lunch, the new arrival is suddenly pushed aside by a man in a white coat, who rushes to the head of the line, grabs his food and stomps over to a table by himself. "Who is that?" the new arrival asked St. Peter. "Oh, that’s God," came the reply, "but sometimes he thinks he’s a doctor."

convention → 大会，会议；习俗，惯例
work well → 有效，效果好（考研英语中 work 常用的意思是起效果）
show sb. around → 带某人参观、到处转转
sb. be shown around → 某人被带着到处转转
grab → v. 夺（得），抓（住）
stomp → v. 跺脚，重踩
But 后面是重点！
until, waiting in a line for lunch, the new arrival is suddenly pushed aside by a man in a white coat → 是由 until 引导的时间状语从句。

第三段¶

If you are part of the group which you are addressing, you will be in a position to know the experiences and problems which are common to all of you and it’ll be appropriate for you to make a passing remark about the inedible canteen food or the chairman’s notorious bad taste in ties. With other audiences you mustn’t attempt to cut in with humor as they will resent an outsider making disparaging remarks about their canteen or their chairman. You will be on safer ground if you stick to scapegoats like the Post Office or the telephone system.

第四段¶

If you feel awkward being humorous, you must practice so that it becomes more natural. Include a few casual and apparently off-the-cuff remarks which you can deliver in a relaxed and unforced manner. Often it’s the delivery which causes the audience to smile, so speak slowly and remember that a raised eyebrow or an unbelieving look may help to show that you are making a light-hearted remark.

awkward → adj. 令人尴尬的，使人难堪的
casual → 非正式的；漫不经心的，随意的
off-the-cuff → adj. 即兴的，即席的
manner → n. 态度，举止；礼貌；方式
deliver → v. 发表（讲话）；传递，传达
delivery → 演讲风格，讲话方式；投递，送交；发送的货物
unbelieving look → 难以置信的表情
light-hearted → 轻松的

第五段¶

Look for the humor. It often comes from the unexpected. A twist on a familiar quote "If at first you don’t succeed, give up" or a play on words or on a situation. Search for exaggeration and understatement. Look at your talk and pick out a few words or sentences which you can turn about and inject with humor.

unexpected → 想不到的，意外的
twist → 曲解，歪曲，转变
quote → 引语，引用
exaggeration → 夸张
understatement → 轻描淡写，低调陈述
pick out → 挑选出
turn about → 反复思考；转身，转变

题目¶

41¶

To make your humor work, you should

[A] take advantage of different kinds of audience

[B] make fun of the disorganized people

[C] address different problems to different people

[D] show sympathy for your listeners

take advantage of → 利用
审题的时候只看题干不看选项！看四个定位点 → 名词、数字、引号、否定。
不凭借印象，仔细比对信息做题！ → 有否？全否？匹配否（答非所问）？
本题是题干的同义改写
动词词组偷换概念
动词词组偷换概念
同义改写
sympathy 意思不同，针对的对象不同

42¶

The joke about doctors implies that, in the eyes of nurses, they are

[A] impolite to new arrivals

[B] very conscious of their godlike role

[C] entitled to some privileges

[D] very busy even during lunch hours

joke → 笑话，玩笑
conscious → 意识到的，有知觉的；刻意的，慎重的，在乎
privilege → 特权，特殊待遇
主旨把握方向
与主旨无关
只有它与主旨契合！
文章没说
文章没说

43¶

It can be inferred from the text that public services

[A] have benefited many people

[B] are the focus of public attention

[C] are an inappropriate subject for humor

[D] have often been the laughing stock

focus → n. 重点，中心点，焦点 v. 关注；聚焦
最后一句邮局和电话系统代表的就是公共服务！
选项看起来对，文章中没有的话就是错的，不要无中生有！
答案选择相对正确的！

44¶

To achieve the desired result, humorous stories should be delivered

[A] in well-worded language

[B] as awkwardly as possible

[C] in exaggerated statements

[D] as casually as possible

well-worded → 有文采的，精心措辞的，动听的
问你用什么样的方式表达！

45¶

The best title for the text may be

[A] Use Humor Effectively

[B] Various Kinds of Humor

[C] Add Humor to Speech

[D] Different Humor Strategies

Speech → n. 演说，发言，谈话
主旨题解题策略
1. 有主题词（全文反复出现）
2. 内容方向
3. 内容覆盖每一段：回顾各段主旨大意（段首句很重要）
4. 每看完一段话进行简单的总结，1 和 3 一般最常用。
可以判断 A 选项是可以覆盖全文的！（三个方法一个个往下排除）

单词记忆¶

task
where file.path = this.file.path and !completed